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Today’s Class – Web Security Workshop

  • Ensure Basic Website Security
  • Research These Terms
    • Upload the Complete File on MyKangan
  • Internet Security
    • Protect Fixed Internet Connection and IP Address
    • Use and Maintain Antivirus Software
    • Protect Shared Network Resources From Intrusion
    • Following Security Protocols
    • Disable Control Protocol
    • NETBIOS and TCP/IP
  • Assessment Task
  • Feedback

Ensure Basic Website Security

Today we will have to insert a workshop on basic Website security.

This is the unit of competency that we will cover:

Read the units’ elements:

  • Determine Business Security Requirements
  • Ensure Web Server Security
  • Ensure Protocol Security

Research These Terms

Use this link TechTerms.com, Webopedia.com and find your own web dictionary to research the terms below:

  • What is a (Web) Host/(Web) Hosting?
  • What does ISP stand for?
  • Example of 2 free hosting services (provide links)
  • What is FTP?
  • What is a Domain name?
  • Explain IP Address and give an example!
  • What is the difference between a static and a dynamic IP address?
  • Find and list prices for a domain name made up of your name on http://who.is/
  • What is the difference between a server and a PC?
  • What is a Web Server?
  • What is a Gateway?
  • Give an example for a Gateway.
  • What is the purpose of a Firewall and where is it located?
  • What is meant by Malware?
  • Give 3 examples for Malware!
  • How can you protect your computer against Malware?
    Give three examples of software designed to protect your computer!
  • Define HTTP.
  • Define HTTPS. How does it differ from HTTP?
  • What is a URL?
  • Define SSL.
  • Explain the acronym TCP! How does it relate to IP?

Upload the Complete File on MyKangan

Create a new Word Document and insert all your definitions in there with the source of your information. Next upload this as a Day 1 Task on MyKangan in ICAWEB408A-Ensure Basic Website Security.

Visual Example of a Network

Visual Example of a Network connected to the Internet: Example of the Internet displayed as networks.

Example of a Network with Routers , Servers, Host PCs - Courtesy of: The TPC/IP Guide
Example of a Network with Routers , Servers, Host PCs – Courtesy of: The TPC/IP Guide (click on image for link)

You can view the different routers that your host PC will visit when accessing a Web page:

Launch the command prompt from a Windows-based computer click: Start > All Programs > Accessories
> Command Prompt. Type tracert and hit enter. This process is called tracing route to a website.

tracert command
tracert command

Internet Security

I would like to thank Anonymous alias JB for the most of the documentation below.

Read all the information below to be able to complete your assessment task for this unit.

Protect Fixed Internet Connection and IP Address

The IP address is always visible to the outside world. Internally, you can reduce its visibility for non-technical persons but not eliminate knowledge of the address.

  • Security updates on server/gateway.

Security exploitation is commonplace today and so it is essential that security patches for gateway machines are kept current.

  • Only gateway devices should have public IP addresses, not internal network computers, which should be on a private network address scheme.

Use and Maintain Antivirus Software

It is paramount to not just have Antivirus software installed, but to maintain currency .

Read: Internet Security GCF Learn Free

Protect Shared Network Resources From Intrusion

Sharing is the primary productivity benefit of networking. We have to share resources on the network such as printers and file folders in order to be productive. Some of those resources might be shared outside the local network (eg the incoming mail server) but most local network files and hardware are not meant for use outside the organisation and need to be protected. This may also include computerised machine tools used in manufacture and the building air-conditioning and lighting which may be computer controlled.

TCP/IP is the modern network topology. A key feature of the protocol is that different types of traffic (eg Email, web, telephone) are sent to different ‘ports’. There are 65535 Ports available of which the first 1024 are reserved. Of these 1024 reserved ports, only the first 256 are in common use. That means there are tens of thousands of potential gateways into your network that are not in active use. From a security point of view, these open ports are like open doors to a building, with one important difference. Although they are open, there may not be anything on the other side of the door (an empty room). However, Trojans exploit these ports for communication and open ports are a leading cause of the spread of DDOS and other security threats. The primary function provided by all Firewall services is to control the range of open ports. Only those ports intended to be available for use should be open on the firewall. (Note: KANGAN does not seem to apply this restriction.)

  • Firewall

It is necessary to protect the interface between the local network and the internet by the use of a Firewall.  A Firewall will allow management of what links (protocols/ports) are available between the local network and the internet. For example, it would be possible to only allow Email traffic.

A Firewall may either be software running on the gateway or most likely today an Appliance that sits between the Gateway and the Internet. The advantage of an Appliance is that it is purpose built for managing security risks.

  • Password Strength

Weak passwords are the single most common cause of security failure.

Read: Passwords: The First Step to Safety GCF Learn Free

Following Security Protocols

Ensure that personal computer protocols and preferences follow security protocols. (Too many uses of the word protocol here and with different nuances of meaning).

  • As the risk of an unexpected new threat is always there, it is essential that there are rules for how information about the internal network is managed. These include, establishing minimum password lengths and types, where business files are saved and how or if visitors are allowed any computer access.
  • Ensure that all staff understand security issues and in particular the role of HTTPS in creating secure data links; how to handle suspicious email and what to do if they suspect their computer is infected by a virus or otherwise compromised.
  • Ensure that processes exist to install and maintain Antivirus on all workstations.
  • Induction program for new staff on computer security and use procedures.

Disable Control Protocol

Disable control protocol or internet protocol bindings for file and printer sharing. (This is not relevant to modern Windows releases which implement security over file and printer access on the TCP/IP network.)

  • When a computer is directly connected to the internet, (e.g. at Home) shared printers and shared files are exposed to the internet and this can be exploited, particularly if passwords on the files/printers do not exist or are weak. At home, disabling file and printer sharing would prevent sharing of things such as iTunes on the local network. The better strategy is to make sure you have very strong passwords on the printer and file shares.
  • Do not disable or uninstall File and Printer sharing on a Business network. Disabling this will mean that the network cannot operate effectively in sharing data and services, which is its main purpose. In commercial environments (e.g. Kangan), TCP/IP is usually the only network protocol in use and the gateway server/appliance is the first level of defence against outside access. Most modern networks store shared files only on the server with robust security measures controlled by the server software.

NETBIOS and TCP/IP

Ensure that network basic input/output system (NETBIOS) over TCP/IP is disabled.

NETBIOS is a network Applications Programming Interface (API) that was used prior to Windows 2000 / XP to identify the individual computers on the network. Essentially it was the means by which data was directed across the network, by applications, to the computer that required it. It is not really a network protocol as such, more like a utility that software can implement to communicate between machines. It is not secure as it was developed in the context that the network was ‘trusted’ and only local (not internet exposed). NETBIOS is easily exploited to gain unauthorised access.

  • NETBIOS exists by default in all Windows releases using TCP/IP, including Windows 8.  NETBIOS should not be implemented on any current systems and must be disabled.
  • You can disable NETBIOS using Group Policy on the Server or by individually disabling under Control Panel/ Local Network Connections / TCP/IP Advanced Settings / WINS

When Windows 2000 / XP first came out, NETBIOS was required to allow for some applications to work across networks that also had Windows98 machines. Those applications and services that depend on NetBIOS over TCP/IP no longer function once NetBIOS over TCP/IP is disabled.

Assessment Task

Please download the assessment task here (on Wednesday) and upload to MyKangan.

Feedback

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Today’s Class

  • Assessment Task 1
  • CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com
  • Feedback

Assessment Task 1

Continue on Assessment Task 1. Use your copy or the file below (if you have not started yet.) Assessment 1 CSS Tracking

CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com

Today I will ask you to work through these chapters alone and fill your findings in the Assessment 1 CSS Tracking!

Feedback

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Link to all Weeks    Week 1     Week 2     Week 3     Week 4      Week 5     Week 6

Today’s Class

  • Last Week and Your Homework
  • Assessment Task 1
  • CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com
  • Feedback

Last Week and Your Homework

Your homework was to read

Let us see what you recall:

  • What styles of fonts were mentioned (they were referred to as generic font families)?
  • What code do you use to specify a Sans Serif font?
  • How can you set the font size for a paragraph?
  • Where in a HTML would you place the style information for colouring a link?
  • What is the code for it?
  • Is your Assessment 1 (CSS Tracking) document updated?

Assessment Task 1

Continue on Assessment Task 1. Use your copy or the file below (if you have not started yet.) Assessment 1 CSS Tracking

CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com

Today I will ask you to work through these chapters alone and fill your findings in the Assessment 1 CSS Tracking!

Feedback

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Today’s Class

  • Last Week
  • Assessment Task 1
  • CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com
  • Feedback

Last Week

Last week we worked on CSS. What do you recall?

  • Define CSS Id
  • What is the HTML code for an id and where do you insert it?
  • Define CSS Class
  • What is the HTML code for a class and where do you insert it?
  • What is the code for inserting a link to external CSS?

Assessment Task 1

Continue on Assessment Task 1. Use your copy or the file below (if you have not started yet.)

Assessment 1 CSS Tracking

CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com

We will cover:

In class we worked to here!

Homework

Read the two pages below and add to your Assignment 1 CSS Tracking

Next Class

Feedback

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Today’s Class

  • Last Week
  • Assessment Task 1
  • CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com
  • Feedback

Last Week

Last week we started on CSS. What do you recall?

  • What is the use or benefit of CSS?
  • What colour models did we look at?
  • What ways are there to incorporate CSS (into HTML)?
  • What style of bracket is used in CSS?
  • What is the syntax of CSS?
  • Find the  colour hex code for the colour DarkRed.
  • Try to write down a CSS command for h1 to be in DarkRed using the colour hex code and make the font size 24px. Upload your code as a comment to this post – I will walk around and observe.

Assessment Task 1

Open the attached Word document and use it to keep track of your CSS learning in this class.

The purpose of this task is LEARNING and it should help you remember the code and information covered in class.

Assessment 1 CSS Tracking

CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com

We will cover:

We worked to here in class!

Feedback

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Today’s Class

  • Introduction to the Units of Competency
  • CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com
  • Feedback

Introduction

We will cover these units of competency in this class. Please focus on the Elements and Performance Criteria in the texts below.

ICAWEB406A Create Website Testing Procedures

ICAWEB409A Develop Cascading Style Sheets

CSS Tutorial on W3Schools.com

We will work through CSS on W3Schools, look at Colour references in CSS, CSS rules and syntax

In-Class Task

UTF-8 EncodingCreate a HTML file in Notepad with internal CSS and email it to me. Upload the file next week to MyKangan! Include these changes:

  • h1 in red and at 28px
  • p in green

Save the file as UTF-8 for encoding.

Feedback

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Link to all Classes     Week 3     Week 4      Week 5     Week 6     Week 7     Week 8

Today’s Class

  • Assessment Task
  • Inclass Demonstration
  • Feedback

Assessment Task

Use the W3Schools TryIt Editor and Notepad to create the home page for a website of your choice with HTML and CSS.

Content: include a

  • banner with an image and title,
  • menu with 5 menu items. The menu items need to be links. Link them to a file with the name of the menu item (it will be an incomplete link).
  • 2 sections (divs) with text content
  • 1 section with an image
  • footer with a Copyright statement including this year and your name.

The images can be sourced online. Please aim for Creative Commons images. You may use www.morguefile.com or other websites for this purpose.

Work on the assessment in class and during the week and have ready to be handed in as html file. The CSS component can be either internal or as an external CSS document.

Inclass Demonstration

We will work through the steps to create a website in HTML and CSS:

Start off with the HTML script:

We start with the DOCTYPE declaration and the HTML tags followed by the Head and Body tags:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

</html>

_____

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

Note: Add the closing tag straight away to make sure that you do not forget it!

Add your title in the Head as well as your main meta data:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Italian Food For Beginners</title>  (Add your own title here)

<meta name=”keywords” content=”italian, cooking, food, recipy, easy, beginners, step by step” />

<meta name=”description” content=”” />  (Either write your description straight away or do it later. This description will show in a Google search and it is important to write something that will be relevant to the webside/ web page. Keep it short, but make sure not to skip over important information that would get a user to visit your site!)

<meta name=”author” content=”Federico Viola” />(put your name in here!)

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

Now create your divs in html

It is important to sketch out your site beforehand. Write down all the dimensions for the various elements. Overall dimensions, example: width 960px x height 690px, dimensions of the banner/header, dimensions and format of the menu, dimensions of various content boxes.

Divs are basically spaces that you reserve. They are like 2D boxes that allow you to place content, either images, text, video or audio. You can give the background a colour and you can create outlines.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Italian Food For Beginners</title>

<meta name=”keywords” content=”italian, cooking, food, recipy, easy, beginners, step by step” />

<meta name=”description” content=”This page has Italian recipies for beginners and more advanced chefs. Each recipy has cooking instructions, preparation time and a calorie index.” />

<meta name=”author” content=”Federico Viola” />

</head>

<body>

<div id=”wrapper”>  (This will be the div for the overall webpage. It will be like a frame for all the elements.)

<div id=”header”>

<h1>This is the header/banner</h1>

</div>  (This closes the header div.)

<div id=”container”>  (This will be the div for the menu and content divs)

<div id=”menu”>

<p>Menu</p>

</div>  (This closes the menu div.)

<div id=”content1″>

<p>Content1</p>

</div>  (This closes the content1 div.)

<div id=”content2″>

<p>Content2</p>

</div>  (This closes the content2 div.)

<div id=”content3″>

<p>Content3</p>

</div>  (This closes the content3 div.)

</div>  (This closes the container div.)

<div id=”footer”>

<p>Copyright Statement</p>

</div>  (This closes the footer div.)

</body>

</html>

Now create your CSS

You can create external CSS, in which case you will have to save the CSS file as name.css. This will allow you to change your CSS individually and it is a faster way to update websites. This is particualrly important if you use your standard CSS on  various sites. CSS is not only responsible for colours and style, but is important for standard font and layout sizes. You will need to adjust sizes for your layouts and fonts to suit mobile platforms. (You do not need to do this for the assessment though!)

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Italian Food For Beginners</title>

<meta name=”keywords” content=”italian, cooking, food, recipy, easy, beginners, step by step” />

<meta name=”description” content=”This page has Italian recipies for beginners and more advanced chefs. Each recipy has cooking instructions, preparation time and a calorie index.” />

<meta name=”author” content=”Federico Viola” />

<style> (opens an internal CSS style tag)

#wrapper {;}

#header{;}

#container{;}

#menu{;}

#content1{;}

#content2{;}

#content3{;}

#footer{;}

ul{list-style-type:none;}  (this is the ul tag to be used for the menu later in the body, it defines to have no bullet points)

</style>  (always make sure to close html tags)

</head>

<body>

<div id=”wrapper”>

<div id=”header”>

<h1>This is the header/banner</h1>

</div>

<div id=”container”>

<div id=”menu”>

<p>Menu</p>

</div>

<div id=”content1″>

<p>Content1</p>

</div>

<div id=”content2″>

<p>Content2</p>

</div>

<div id=”content3″>

<p>Content3</p>

</div>

</div>

<div id=”footer”>

<p>Copyright Statement</p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

Add your dimensions to the CSS

You can create external CSS, in which case you will have to save the CSS file as name.css. This will allow you to change your CSS individually and it is a faster way to update websites. This is particualrly important if you use your standard CSS on  various sites. CSS is not only responsible for colours and style, but is important for standard font and layout sizes. You will need to adjust sizes for your layouts and fonts to suit mobile platforms. (You do not need to do this for the assessment though!)

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Italian Food For Beginners</title>

<meta name=”keywords” content=”italian, cooking, food, recipy, easy, beginners, step by step” />

<meta name=”description” content=”This page has Italian recipies for beginners and more advanced chefs. Each recipy has cooking instructions, preparation time and a calorie index.” />

<meta name=”author” content=”Federico Viola” />

<style> (opens an internal CSS style tag)

#wrapper {width:960px;height:690px;margin:0px;}  (the site will go to the edge due to having no margin)

#header{width:960px;height:140px;margin: 10px 0px;background:#3375FF;} (the header will have 10px margins on top and bottom and no margins on the right and left, the background colour has been specified)

#container{width:960px;height:410px;}  (always make sure to use a semi-colon at the end of a CSS declaration)

#menu{width:100px;height:410px;margin-right:10px;background:#3399FF;

#content1{width:410px;height:200px;margin-right:10px;padding:5px;background:#4CCCFF;}

#content2{width:410px;height:200px;margin-right:10px;padding:5px;background:#3375FF;}

#content3{width:410px;height:410px;padding:5px;background:#0099FF;}

#footer{width:960px; height:140px;}

ul{list-style-type:none;}

</style>  (always make sure to close html tags)

</head>

<body>

<div id=”wrapper”>

<div id=”header”>

<h1>This is the header/banner</h1>

</div>

<div id=”container”>

<div id=”menu”>

<p>Menu</p>

</div>

<div id=”content1″>

<p>Content1</p>

</div>

<div id=”content2″>

<p>Content2</p>

</div>

<div id=”content3″>

<p>Content3</p>

</div>

</div>

<div id=”footer”>

<p>Copyright Statement</p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

To be continued

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Link to all Classes     Week 1     Week 2     Week 3     Week 4      Week 5     week 6

Today’s Class

  • CSS Styling Fonts
  • HTML Tables
  • CSS Styling Tables
  • HTML Lists
  • CSS Styling Lists
  • HTML Blocks
  • HTML Layout
  • Homework
  • Feedback

CSS Styling Fonts

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_font.asp.

HTML Tables

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_tables.asp.

CSS Styling Tables

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_table.asp.

HTML Lists

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_lists.asp.

CSS Styling Lists

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_list.asp.

HTML Blocks

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_blocks.asp.

HTML Layout

Use the supplied links to follow the instructions on W3Schools: http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_layout.asp.

Homework

Please look at this W3Schools example: Basic website created with div elements and change it to create a simple text based website for yourself. Call it something like ‘My first website’, supply a menu with menu items (about me, portfolio, etc) and change dimensions and colours. Add more divs to the HTML.

Save your final work with Notepad as a HTML file and bring to next class!

Feedback

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Based on photo by dhester from morgueFile.com
Based on photo by dhester from morgueFile.com

Link to all EDSS classes     Class 1     Class 3     Class4     Class 5

EDSS is a combination of Create an Extensible Document (ICPMM491D) and Create an Extensible Style Sheet (ICPMM492D). This class is a cluster of the two units, that will be delivered together.

Overview

XML is a central aspect of this class. We will use W3Schools to learn XML.

XML is connected to HTML and JavaScript. You need to learn the basics of both:

Read up on HTML on W3Schools

Read up on JavaScript on W3Schools

Today’s class is about JavaScript.

JavaScript - F.Viola
JavaScript – F.Viola

Today’s Class

Use the JavaScript section on W3Schools to 1.research and 2.document the points below.

You can document your research and definitions in a Word document. Use this template > JavaScript Documentation  or create your own!

  • Definition for JavaScript, including the purpose and context of other Markup Languages
  • Definition HTML DOM and example of a HTML DOM tree found on W3Schools
  • Can JavaScript be inserted into the Head or Body section of an HTML document?
  • How is JavaScript inserted into HTML?
  • Give an example of a Script Tag
  • What file extension will you need for an external JavaScript file?
  • Do external JavaScript files use <script> tags?
  • Write document output: Look at this example on the TryIt Editor and  change the Script so that it writes the <h1> and not the <p> content, change the <p> to HTML.
  • What is a JavaScript statement? Define and give an example!
  • How do you separate statements?
  • Is JavaScript case sensitive?
  • Write document output 2: Look at this example on the TryIt Editor and  change the Script so that JavaScript creates the <h1> Good Morning and an additional <h2> What I love? while HTML is responsible for <p>The smell of coffee.
  • The For Loop: Use the example provided for cars on the TryIt Editor and change it to write 6 brands of chocolate. Make sure to change the string (or text value=cars to something more appropriate).
  • Data Types – define: dynamic (data) types, JavaScript Strings, JavaScript Numbers, JavaScript Booleans, JavaScript Arrays, JavaScript Objects.

W3Schools > We will use W3Schools when learning about the Markup languages.

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Based on photo by dhester from morgueFile.com
Based on photo by dhester from morgueFile.com

Link to all EDSS classes     Class2     Class 3     Class4     Class 5

Welcome to your first class of EDSS, which is a combination of Create an Extensible Document (ICPMM491D) and Create an Extensible Style Sheet (ICPMM492D).

This class is a cluster of the two units, that will be delivered together.

Create an Extensible Document …

… requires the individual to create an extensible markup language (XML/PPML)
document for content publishing that is well-formed, free of errors, meets the needs of the
business and is extensible to meet future business needs.

In more detail, you will learn to:

  1. Define document structure
    > details required for the job are checked and confirmed against the job specifications
    > mark-up language version and the character encoding used in the document (or declaration statement) are defined and/or inserted in the document
    > an external or internal Document Type Definition (DTD) or mark-up language schema is chosen and correctly wrapped and referenced depending on project requirements
    > root element is correctly defined and all elements are accurately nested
    > attribute types and default values are declared, where necessary
    > occurrences of elements are stated and elements of mixed content declared
  2. Confirm validity
    > start and end tags are included and closed to ensure no element errors
    > namespaces are used to resolve name conflicts
    > the document is well-formed, error-free and conforms to the mark-up language syntax rules
    > the document conforms to the rules of a Document Type Definition (DTD) or the mark-up language schema
  3. Finalise and test document
    > character data (CDATA) sections are added to the document structure
    > the final document is viewed with a mark-up language parser
    > the mark-up language document is well-formed, free of errors and meets the needs of the business
    > the document is linked to an extensible style sheet and template and tested
    > the document is extensible to meet future business needs

Create an Extensible Style Sheet …

… requires the individual to create extensible style sheets for electronic publishing or online documents including computer screens and handheld devices.

In more detail, you will learn to:

  1. Prepare the source document:
    > by validating it as free of errors,
    > by confirming the style and transformation requirements of the source document,
    > by confirming the required advanced styling requirements,
    >     by confirming the different media, display formats and target audience
    > preferred platforms and abilities
    > by preparing the source document for the style sheet
  2. Create the style sheet:
    > design multiple templates and apply them to the style
    sheet
    > use the required presentation styles
    > incorporate transformation requirements into several style sheets
    > link or associate the style sheet with the source document
    > test the link
  3. Test the style sheet:
    > validate style sheets are to ensure correct presentation and transformation
    > update the style sheet is if errors occur and validate again
    > link the style sheet to a data-store and to a digital template and test
    > make the style sheet extensible to meet future business needs

Assessments:

There will be 2 assignments, for each you will have to

  • create an extensible mark-up language document, that is well formed, free of errors, meet the needs of the business and is extensible to meet future business needs.
  • create extensible style sheets for online documents or electronic publishing
  • create a testing method (eg a flow chart).

Direct questioning and in-class participation will be included as a form of validation. If you participate well in class it will make it easier for me to mark you as competent.

In-class Task:

Research the acronyms below! You can present your findings as a table.

  1. What does the acronym stands for?
  2. What does it mean, or do or what is the function?
  3. Find an example of coding or document structure and copy or screen print it!

HTML XML PPML SGML CSS XSL PRISM DSSSL

For in-class discussion and submit your document on MyKangan (available by next class).

W3Schools > We will use W3Schools when learning about the Markup languages.